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Loose hacktivist collective targeting government and infrastructure with defacements and DDoS.
PLA Unit 61398 cyber-espionage group; subject of the 2013 Mandiant APT1 report.
Russian SVR cyber-espionage group; perpetrators of the SolarWinds supply-chain compromise.
Dual-purpose Chinese threat group conducting espionage and financially motivated operations.
GRU Unit 74455 destructive-attack and disinformation group.
APT9 (also known as NIGHTSHADE PANDA and Red Pegasus) is a Chinese state-sponsored threat actor engaged in cyber espionage operations primarily targeting organizations in the United States, Japan, South Korea, and across Europe and Southeast Asia. The group focuses on intellectual property and competitive data theft, with a historically strong emphasis on the pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, healthcare, and aerospace sectors. APT9 employs a range of intrusion techniques including spearphishing, abuse of valid accounts, exploitation of trusted inter-organizational relationships, and a diverse malware toolkit comprising both publicly available and custom backdoors shared across multiple Chinese APT groups.
DEV-0537, widely known as Lapsus$, is an extortion-focused cybercriminal collective active since 2021, composed of members spanning multiple countries and notable for including younger individuals among its ranks. The group primarily pursues financial gain and notoriety by compromising high-profile organizations through social engineering, credential theft, and insider recruitment rather than traditional malware-heavy intrusion methods. Their targeting is broad and opportunistic, spanning sectors such as technology, telecommunications, government, finance, and retail across North America, South America, Europe, and Asia.
GRU cluster responsible for WhisperGate wiper attacks on Ukraine.
Russian-speaking cybercriminal syndicate behind Dridex banking malware and ransomware.
Earth Lamia is a China-nexus APT that targets organizations across multiple sectors, including finance, logistics, and government, primarily in Latin America, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. The actor exploits web application vulnerabilities, such as CVE-2025-55182, and employs techniques like SQL injection, DLL sideloading, and the deployment of custom backdoors like PULSEPACK and BypassBoss. Earth Lamia conducts reconnaissance, file operations, and credential theft, often utilizing tools like Cobalt Strike and VShell.
PRC cluster behind the 2021 Microsoft Exchange ProxyLogon mass exploitation.
Iranian MOIS-affiliated cyber-espionage and disruption group.
China-aligned cyber-espionage group targeting NGOs, religious orgs, and governments across Asia and Europe.
IRGC-aligned cluster opportunistically deploying ransomware.
IRGC-affiliated cluster involved in espionage and access brokering.
Native-English-speaking eCrime collective known for social-engineering helpdesks.
FSB cyber-espionage group targeting Western think tanks, NGOs, and politicians.
Emotet botnet operators.
TA577 (also known as Hive0118) is a financially motivated cybercriminal threat actor active since 2020, operating as an initial access broker and malware distributor with a broad targeting footprint spanning North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the Middle East. The group conducts high-volume phishing and malspam campaigns delivering malware payloads—including information stealers and ransomware—across a wide range of sectors such as finance, manufacturing, healthcare, logistics, retail, and professional services. Their primary motivation is financial gain, achieved through deploying ransomware, facilitating data theft, or selling access to compromised networks to downstream threat actors.
Native-English-speaking eCrime collective known for social-engineering helpdesks.
PRC cluster targeting US critical infrastructure with living-off-the-land techniques.